Computer Ergonomics

Ergonomics = The applied science of equipment design intended to maximize productivity by reducing operator fatigue and discomfort. From the Greek words 'ergon' (work) and 'nomos' (natural laws).

Positioning of the person and equipment
  1. Chair
    • push your hips as far back as they go in the chair for lumbar support
    • feet should be flat on the floor and knees at the same level or slightly lower than the hips
    • adjust the back of the chair to 100 - 110 degrees reclined angle
    • use armrests only if shoulders are relaxed

    The ITCS Adaptive Technology Computing Site in Shapiro Library, room B126, offers a variety of ergonomic seating options.Their site is http://www.umich.edu/~sites/info/atcs/.

  2. Keyboard
    • position keyboard directly in front of your body with the section of the keyboard you use most frequently centered with your body
    • shoulders relaxed, elbows in a sligtly open position (100 - 110 degrees), wrists and hands are straight
    • resting on wristrests while typing is not recommended
    • avoid excessively wide wristrests or wristrests higher than the spacebar of your keyboard
    • the tilt of your keyboard depends on your sitting position (to maintain a straight wrist position)

  3. Monitor
    • position the monitor approximately 2-3" above seated eye level
    • sit at least an arm length away from the screen
    • reduce the glare by placing the screen at right angles to windows, adjusting curtains or blinds, using glare filters, etc.
    • position source documents directly in front of you, between the monitor and the keyboard using an inline copy stand

  4. Arranging a safe working environment
    • sufficient space to allow freedom of movement
    • place telephone within easy reach
    • avoid overreaching
    • well ventilated room (computers generate heat)
    • secured and covered trailing cables

  5. Taking Regular Breaks
    • take short 1-2 minute stretch breaks every 20-30 minutes
    • avoid eye fatigue by resting and refocusing your eyes periodically on distant objects (at least every 15 minutes)
    • alternate computer tasks with other tasks (phone calls, filling, etc) or leave the workstation for a few minutes every hour
Laptops

The US Center for Disease Control recommends against using laptops as primary computers unless they are used in a way consistent with neutral posture: the screen is at or just below eye level when seated. Regular use of notebook computers violates the CDC's ergonomic guidelines: U-M Resources